A computer virus is a self-replicating malicious code that has the ability to attach themselves to almost any file type. They spread among computers as infected files are transferred to and opened by other computers and are especially harmful to computers running on networks. Although some viruses are quite harmless, some can go as far as destroying important documents, software, or applications.

The most useful tool in keeping your safety against computer viruses is to install and maintain anti-virus software. You must also remember that installing this type of software is not enough. You must continuously update your virus definitions as new computer viruses are being developed constantly by mischievous programmers.

Other malicious codes that are closely related to computer viruses are worms and Trojans. Although most people use these terms interchangeably, they actually have distinct characteristics and knowing the differences can help in guarding or disinfecting your computer. While viruses are received as a result of specific user activities, worms do not require action by the user before entering the system. This is why they are more difficult to trace. Trojan horses, on the other hand, appear to be programs that do one thing but actually discreetly engage in some devious activities in your computer.

To guard against these malicious codes, the use of anti-virus software is recommended. It is also important to know what types of programs and files viruses can infect. Below is a list that can help you be alert to minimize the damages computer viruses can cause:

*System Sectors/Boot Records – Parts of the system that are vital to running programs and performing functions.

* Program Files – Can come in almost any form but most common are .com, .exe, and .sys. Microsoft Office program files are also commonly infected.

* Companion Files – A special file type that viruses create on their own and keep them running in your hard disk.

* Macros – Data files that map out sequences for different processes to work in your computer.

* Disk Clusters and Batch Files– Disk directories and batch files are also commonly infected by computer viruses.

* Source Code – Some viruses create additional code that attaches to different program codes already existing in your computer.

* Visual Basic Worms – Malicious codes that are programmed specifically to gain control over a computer to make it perform specific tasks.

Because you can catch a computer virus from almost anywhere such as removable storage that have been inserted in other computers, simply browsing the internet, downloading attachments, opening email, or from another computer in your network, it is important to maintain and constantly update anti-virus software and scan your computer regularly. Also, keep backup copies of documents to minimize the risk of losses in the event of an infection. Additionally, if your email software has a preview function, disable it as this does not scan files before they are opened. Lastly, make sure that you scan everything you insert in your computer or anything that you want to open.

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